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SEM Text-only Statements

We know that you may want to see the SEM statements as a list in addition to the visual. You’ll find them organized by layer below.

Society

  1. Media messaging shapes how people perceive & respond to mental health 2
  2. Rapid changes in technology impact mental health development 5
  3. Environmental forces & disasters can have detrimental impact &/or build resilience 3
  4. Societal conflict, political crises, migration, displacement, war & civil strife heighten risk 3
  5. The economic conditions into which a person is born & raised can shape their overall quality of life & their mental health outcomes 3,7,11 
  6. Children’s well-being is influenced by their parent’s mental health knowledge 10
  7. Resource allocation shapes opportunities & impacts the ability to meet basic needs 3
  8. Social exclusion & unfair treatment based on personal characteristics can negatively affect emotional well-being & psychological resilience 4,7,10
  9. Strong ties to cultural & social identity are protective of well-being 3
  10. Family norms, values & expectations can be stressful & also help us feel loved 2
  11. HIV stigma persists 7
  12. Norms shape how we feel about mental illness, coping, stress & belonging 7,10
  13. Law enforcement practices have unintended consequences on some communities 13
  14. Inability to meet basic human need for nurturing & human connection has far-reaching consequences 2
  15. Stigma & bias surrounding mental illness shape how people think about mental health & mental illness 6,7,10 

Policy

  1. Laws, policies, regulations, resources & money directly & indirectly impact mental health 5,6
  2. Good family functioning is necessary for child well-being & has important policy implications 9
  3. Government investment of time, money & resources dictates mental health management 5,6
  4. Policies influence the way people navigate the help they need with their mental health 10

Communities

  1. Housing instability such as transience, homelessness & substandard living conditions lead to poorer well-being 3 
  2. People & communities have different mental health needs 3,4
  3. Disadvantaged neighborhoods, discrimination & violence are linked to mental health risk factors 4,7,9
  4. Social well-being is a public experience, not a private, experience 6 
  5. People are shaped by their social environment 4,8,11 
  6. Stigmatizing, discriminatory environments harm clients 1,7

Organizations

  1. Educational opportunities (funding, education level, educators’ cultural competency, school safety) shape long-term development 3,4,7
  2. Cross-sector collaboration strengthens outcomes, access & referrals 1,5,7
  3. Local partnerships & service delivery are important components of successful mental health programs 1,2,5
  4. Primary care professionals can play an important role managing patient mental health 1
  5. Services support mental health by increasing family & community connections 10
  6. Community services determine ability to address mental health & illness 7
  7. Access to healthcare is impacted by cost, insurance, location, transportation, childcare & time 7

Relationships

  1. Social roles promote identity & social connections & facilitate healing 2,8,10 
  2. Harsh parenting practices & discipline have negative repercussions 9
  3. Social connections help manage daily stressors & adversity 2,8,10
  4. Developmental parenting supports positive parent-child relationships 7,9
  5. Family & peers serve as significant natural support systems 5
  6. Positive, high quality relationships matter 5 
  7. Social isolation is damaging to health 7,9
  8. Nurturing parent-child relationships model positive health behavior 2,3 
  9. Family mental health, substance misuse & violence influence family relationships 3,12
  10. Family norms, values & expectations can be stressful and also help us feel loved 2

Individual

  1. Personal characteristics 4,7
  2. Biological/genetic factors 7,9,2
  3. Development is complex, dynamic & has many different factors (no one single cause) 8,12
  4. Adaptability 9,11
  5. Coping skills 10, 11
  6. Stress response 9,11
  7. Identity & purpose 10
  8. Leadership & life skills 5
References
Original Sources